The importance of the work of Charles Darwin for the development of anthropology is difficult to overestimate. They do not come down to the well-known formula: "Man descended from a monkey." The undoubted significance of Darwin's work is that he generalized the neontological evidence of animal origin of man. Darwin is the author of the simial concept of anthropogenesis, which provides numerous evidence of the biological and behavioral similarities of modern humans and other primates. The scientist has advanced far in the analysis of the mechanisms of anthropogenesis, rightly believing that...